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question:请将“Iber bringt dieses Problem auf den Begriff, wenn er von „einer grundlegenden Voraussetzung“ des Hegelschen Systems spricht, die das Herz des Systems ausmacht. „Diese Voraussetzung“, so fährt Iber fort, „besteht darin, daß die Wirklichkeit, sei es die natürliche oder die geistige durch idealen Strukturen bestimmt ist, die der geistigen und natürlichen Realität noch vorausliegen“ (1990, S. 8). Und, so schlussfolgert er: „Es ist diese Voraussetzung, die Hegel gemeinsam mit Platon macht und die den absoluten Idealismus seines Systems begründet“ (ebd.).105 Dieser Anspruch des Begriffs - der den idealistischen Systemen Hegels und Platons gemeinsam ist - ist es, der nach Marx den logischen Pantheismus bzw. die Mystifikation ausmacht. Es kommt primär nicht darauf an, die Wirklichkeit zu erforschen, ihre innerliche, notwendige Zusammenhänge aufzuspüren, um sie dann begrifflich darzustellen, die „Verarbeitung von Anschauung und Vorstellung in Begriffe“ (MEGA2 II.1/1, S. 37; MEW 42, S. 36)106, also das Denken aus dem Gegenstand bzw. die Logik der Sache zu entwickeln, sondern die Bildung der Einheit der Darstellung ist schon am Beginn unterstellt, und zwar weil der Sache der Logik, dem abstrakten Begriff und seinen Bestimmungen gefolgt wird.107 Das Problem, das sich an dieser Stelle auftut, ist das Problem des Verhältnisses von Logik und Realphilosophie bzw. wie die wissenschaftliche Erklärung an die Sache heranzugehen hat. Marx’ Einwand gegen Hegel ist, dass bei Hegel, wie aus der zitierten Passage der Enzyklopädie deutlich wird, der Logik (dem logischen Begriff) der Vorrang zugeschrieben wird, also dass die Wirklichkeit bzw. die bestehenden Zustände aus der logischen Idee erklärt werden müssen, und zwar weil sich in ihnen die logische Idee verwirklicht hat, so dass jetzt derart eine Identität zwischen Vernunft und Wirklichkeit besteht, dass man die Wirklichkeit erkennen kann, nicht weil man sie mit angemessenen methodischen Mitteln behandelt, sondern einfach, weil sie vernünftig ist bzw. weil der Begriff sich in ihr realisiert hat. tin Hintergrund dieser Umkehrung steht die These der Versubjekti- vierung der logischen Idee, die „nach einem bestimmten Princip und zu bestimmter Absicht handle“ (MEGA2 1/2, S. 7; MEW 1, S. 205), i.e. es sind die Bestimmungen des logischen Begriffs, die der Darstellung des Staates vorangestellt werden, so dass der Staat vermittels der Idee bzw. des Begriffs aus dem vorausgesetzten Staatsmaterial entstehen kann. „Die Seele der Gegenstände, hier des Staats, ist fertig, prädestinirt vor ihrem Körper, der eigentlich nur Schein ist“ (MEGA2 1/2, S. 15; MEW 1, S. 213). Dagegen hebt Marx als „Basen“ des Staates die „wirklichen Subjekten“ (MEGA2 1/2, S. 24; MEW 1, S. 224) hervor (gemeint sind Familie und bürgerliche Gesellschaft), die dann im Staat ihre soziale Qualität objektivieren. Zu bemerken ist allerdings, dass die Versubjektivierung der Idee nicht der Existenz der empirischen Zustände zuwiderläuft, dass also Hegel in der Realphilosophiem nicht bloß über Gedankendinge redet. Er beschäftigt sich tatsächlich mit der Sache, aber nur insofern sie als ein Resultat der Entwicklung der Idee ausgesprochen wird bzw. im Zuge der Begriffslogik entwickelt wird, was, wie sich entlang dieser Arbeit noch zeigen wird, nicht selten bedeutet, dass eine unkritische Aufnahme bestehender Zustände vorgenommen wird und diese zugleich als Ausdruck von Vernunftwahrheiten behauptet werden. Was sich diesen nicht anpasst, gleichsam das Übermaß der Sache, bleibt einfach dahingestellt, ohne dass die Konsequenzen für die übrigen Teile des Systems überprüft werden. Besonders wichtig und erhellend ist, was diesen Punkt betrifft, die Theorie der bürgerlichen Gesellschaft - auf die später noch näher eingegangen wird. Arndt spricht mit Recht davon, dass „die Behandlung der Ökonomie von Seiten der Realphilosophie auf einen Nerv, vielleicht sogar den Nerv der Hegelschen Systemkonzeption weist“ (1989, S. 315).109 Und zwar, so wird sich noch herausstellen, aufgrund der Konsequenzen, die Hegels mangelhafte Behandlung der modernen Ökonomie für seine Staatskonzeption hat, die nicht auf die rückständige historische Lage Deutschlands zurückzuführen ist, sondern eine unmittelbare Konsequenz der Struktur des Systems sind, die ihren Kern im Übergang des Begriffs zur Objektivität hat.110 Wie Lassalle (GRS 6, S.41 - 42) in triftiger Weise anmerkt, gibt dieser Übergang den Maßstab für die Entwicklung der Geschichte als Selbstverwirklichung des Begriffes bzw. des Geistes ab. Marx beleuchtet die Konsequenzen des Hegelschen methodischen Ansatzes, insbesondere das Umschlagen des Idealismus in einen unkritischen Empirismus in Bezug auf die Trennung von bürgerlicher Gesellschaft und Staat, und zwar indem er die Frage nach dem Grund dieser Trennung stellt. Marx zufolge hat Flegel, wie gesehen, „die Trennung der bürgerlichen Gesellschaft und des politischen Staat (einen modernen Zustand) vorausgesetzt und als nothwendiges Moment der Idee entwickelt; als absolute Vernunftwahrheit“ (MEGA2 1/2, S. 79 - 80; MEW 1, S. 277).111 Ein bestehender, empirischer Zustand wird aufgenommen - nicht wirklich erklärt, z.B. was den Widerspruch der bürgerlichen Gesellschaft und des politischen Staates ausmacht - und trotzdem als Wahrheit in der Idee ausgesprochen, die durch ihn zu sich selbst zurückkehrt. Nur aus der Tatsache, dass eine Trennung aus der Logik der Idee (Allgemein- heit/Besonderheit) entwickelt wird, weiß man von der Sache her noch nicht, was diese Trennung ausmacht - der Hinweis auf die differentia spe- cifica fehlt bzw. warum sich bürgerliche Gesellschaft und Staat wegen ihren jeweiligen Zweckbestimmungen trennen müssen.112 Insofern Hegel aber die Wirklichkeit aus der Idee erläutert bzw. herauskonstruiert, reicht es, wenn die Empirie theoretisch als der Idee angemessen ausgesprochen wird. Weil es, so Marx, „nur darum zu thun ist, irgendeiner empirischen Existenz die Bedeutung der Verwirklichung der Idee beizulegen, so versteht es sich, daß diese Gefässe ihre Bestimmungen erfüllt haben, sobald sie zu einer bestimmten Incorporation eines Lebensmomentes der Idee geworden sind“ (MEGA21/2, S. 43; MEW 1, S. 241). Als Gefäße der Bestimmungen der Idee gelten also die Familie, bürgerliche Gesellschaft und Staat insofern, als sie als „Bestimmungen der Idee, der Substanz als Subjekt“ (ebd.) auftreten. Diese These ist es, die Marx veranlasst zu sagen: „Nicht die Rechts-philosophie, sondern die Logik ist das wahre Interesse. Nicht daß das Denken sich in politischen Bestimmungen verkörpert, sondern daß die vorhandenen politischen Bestimmungen in abstrakte Gedanken verflüchtigt werden, ist die philosophische Arbeit“ (MEGA2 1/2, S. 18; MEW 1, S. 216). „Es kommt nur darauf an“, so Marx, „für die einzelnen, konkreten Bestimmungen die entsprechenden abstrakten aufzufinden“ (MEGA2 1/2, S. 11; MEW 1, S. 209). Es wird also eine empirische, geschichtliche Tatsache aufgenommen, wie sie tatsächlich der Fall in der Moderne ist, z.B. die Trennung von bürgerlicher Gesellschaft und Staat, die man dann gemäß den Bestimmungen des Begriffs rekonstruiert. Diese Prozedur trifft tatsächlich die Sache, die Hegel betreibt. Marx’ Kritik verkennt aber nicht die Fortschritte in Hegels Behandlung der modernen geistigen Welt und spricht sie auch ausdrücklich aus, wenn er behauptet: Man hat Hegel vielfach angegriffen über seine Entwicklung der Moral. Er hat nichts gethan als die Moral des modernen Staates und des modernen Privatrechts entwickelt. Man hat die Moral mehr vom Staat trennen, mehr emancipieren wollen! Was hat man damit bewiesen? Daß die Trennung des jetzigen Staates von der Moral moralisch ist, daß die Moral unstaatlich und der Staat unmoralisch ist. Es ist vielmehr ein grosses, obgleich nach der Seite hin (nämlich nach der Seite hin, daß Hegel den Staat, der eine solche Moral zur Voraussetzung hat, für die reale Idee der Sittlichkeit ausgibt) unbewußtes Verdienst Hegels, der modernen Moral ihre wahre Stellung angewiesen zu haben (MEGA2 1/2, S. 118; MEW 1, S. 313).”翻译为中文

answer:当伊贝尔(Iber)谈论到“黑格尔体系的一个根本前提”时,他对这个问题进行了概念化,这个前提构成了该系统的核心。“这一前提”,伊贝尔继续说,“在于现实,无论是自然的还是精神的,都是由理想的结构所决定的,这些理想结构甚至先于精神和自然现实存在”(1990,第8页)。因此,他得出结论:“正是这一前提构成了黑格尔与柏拉图所共有的,从而奠定了其系统绝对理想主义基础的。”(同上)。这种概念的要求——在黑格尔和柏拉图的理想主义体系中共有——正是马克思所说的逻辑泛神论或神秘化。主要不是去探索现实,寻找其内在的、必要的联系以便概念化地表达它们,即“通过概念处理感观和表象”(MEGA2 II.1/1, 第37页;MEW 42, 第36页),也就是说,从对象本身或事物的逻辑中发展思维,而是从一开始就假定了表达的统一性,因为它遵循了事物的逻辑、抽象概念及其决定。 这里出现的问题是逻辑与现实哲学的关系,以及科学解释应如何接近事物的问题。马克思对黑格尔的反驳是,从《百科全书》引用的段落中可以清楚看出,在黑格尔那里,逻辑(逻辑概念)被赋予了优先权,也就是说,现实或现存状况必须从逻辑观念中解释,因为逻辑观念已在其中实现,以至于现在存在着理性与现实之间的一种身份,使得人们能够认识现实,不是因为人们用适当的方法处理它,而是因为它是理性的,或者因为概念在其中实现了。 这种逆转背后的论点是逻辑观念的主体化,它“按照某个特定原则和某个特定目的行动”(MEGA2 1/2, 第7页;MEW 1, 第205页),即逻辑概念的决定先于对国家的表述,使得国家通过观念或概念从预设的国家材料中产生。“对象的灵魂,这里是国家,是在其身体出现之前就已预定好的,实际上只是假象”(MEGA2 1/2, 第15页;MEW 1, 第213页)。相对于此,马克思强调了“真实主体”(MEGA2 1/2, 第24页;MEW 1, 第224页)作为国家的“基础”(这里指的是家庭和市民社会),它们在国家中客观化其社会质量。 不过,值得注意的是,观念的主体化并不与经验状态相矛盾,换句话说,黑格尔在现实哲学中并不仅仅讨论思想事物。他确实关注事物,但只是在它们被作为观念发展的结果或在概念逻辑中被发展的情况下。正如这项工作将展示的,这通常意味着对现存状态的无批判接受,并同时声称它们是理性真理的表达。那些不适应这些的,即事物的过剩,只是被搁置不论,而不检验其对系统其他部分的后果。在这一点上,特别重要且启发性的是市民社会的理论——这将在后面进一步讨论。Arndt正确地说,“现实哲学对经济学的处理触及了,甚至可能是黑格尔系统构想的神经”(1989, 第315页)。而这是由于黑格尔对现代经济的不完善处理对其国家概念产生的后果,并不是由于德国历史地位的落后,而是系统结构的直接后果,其核心在于概念向客观性的过渡。正如拉萨尔(GRS 6, 第41-42页)有力地指出,这种过渡为历史作为概念或精神的自我实现的发展提供了标准。 马克思着重考察了黑格尔方法论的后果,特别是理想主义转向对于市民社会与国家分离的无批判的经验论,在提出分离原因的问题时。马克思指出,正如所见,黑格尔“预设了市民社会和政治国家的分离(一种现代状态)并作为理念的必要时刻而发展;作为绝对理性真理”(MEGA2 1/2, 第79-80页;MEW 1, 第277页)。一个存在的、经验的状态被接受——而不是真正解释,例如,市民社会与政治国家的矛盾是什么——但尽管如此,仍然作为理念中的真理被表达,通过它理念归于自身。仅仅因为从理念的逻辑(普遍性/特殊性)出发发展了一种分离,我们还不知道这种分离是什么——缺少对差异特定性的说明,或者为什么市民社会和国家因其各自的目的而必须分离。因为黑格尔从理念中解释或构建出现实,只要经验在理论上被适当地作为理念的实现表述,就足够了。因为,正如马克思所说,“只是要赋予任何经验存在理念实现的意义,所以一旦它们成为理念生命时刻的特定体现,这些容器就完成了它们的决定”(MEGA21/2, 第43页;MEW 1, 第241页)。因此,家庭、市民社会和国家作为理念决定的容器,只要它们作为“理念的决定,即实质作为主体”(同前)出现。 正是这一论点促使马克思说:“不是法哲学,而是逻辑才是真正的兴趣所在。不是思想在政治决定中的具体化,而是现有政治决定被抽象化为抽象思想,才是哲学工作的本质”(MEGA2 1/2, 第18页;MEW 1, 第216页)。马克思说:“重要的只是为个别具体决定找到相应的抽象决定”(MEGA2 1/2, 第11页;MEW 1, 第209页)。因此,一个实际的、历史的事实被接受,正如它在现代实际发生的,例如市民社会和国家的分离,然后根据概念的决定进行重构。 这确实是黑格尔所做的事情。马克思的批判并没有忽视黑格尔对现代精神世界的处理所取得的进步,并且当他声称: “人们多次攻击黑格尔对道德的发展。他所做的仅仅是发展了现代国家和现代私法的道德。人们想要将道德与国家更多地分开,更多地解放!这证明了什么?即现在的国家与道德的分离在道德上是正确的,道德是非国家性的,国家是不道德的。相反,这正是黑格尔的一个伟大的,尽管是无意识的(即黑格尔将一种拥有这样道德前提的国家视为道德真理的实际理想)功绩,为现代道德指明了其真正的地位”(MEGA2 1/2, 第118页;MEW 1, 第313页)。

question:import java.util.*; /** * Your implementation of various different graph algorithms. * * @author Royce Arockiasamy * @userid rarockiasamy6 * @GTID 903754593 * @version 1.0 */ public class GraphAlgorithms { /** * Performs a breadth first search (bfs) on the input graph, starting at * the parameterized starting vertex. * * When exploring a vertex, explore in the order of neighbors returned by * the adjacency list. Failure to do so may cause you to lose points. * * You may import/use java.util.Set, java.util.List, java.util.Queue, and * any classes that implement the aforementioned interfaces, as long as they * are efficient. * * The only instance of java.util.Map that you may use is the * adjacency list from graph. DO NOT create new instances of Map * for BFS (storing the adjacency list in a variable is fine). * * DO NOT modify the structure of the graph. The graph should be unmodified * after this method terminates. * * @param <T> the generic typing of the data * @param start the vertex to begin the bfs on * @param graph the graph to search through * @return list of vertices in visited order * @throws IllegalArgumentException if any input is null, or if start * doesn't exist in the graph */ public static <T> List<Vertex<T>> bfs(Vertex<T> start, Graph<T> graph) { if (start == null || graph == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Start vertex or graph is null"); } if (!graph.getAdjList().containsKey(start)) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Start vertex doesn't exist in the graph"); } Set<Vertex<T>> visited = new HashSet<>(); List<Vertex<T>> vertices = new ArrayList<>(); Queue<Vertex<T>> queue = new LinkedList<>(); queue.add(start); visited.add(start); while (!queue.isEmpty()) { Vertex<T> curr = queue.poll(); vertices.add(curr); for (VertexDistance<T> adj : graph.getAdjList().get(curr)) { if (!visited.contains(adj.getVertex())) { queue.add(adj.getVertex()); visited.add(adj.getVertex()); } } } return vertices; } /** * Performs a depth first search (dfs) on the input graph, starting at * the parameterized starting vertex. * * When exploring a vertex, explore in the order of neighbors returned by * the adjacency list. Failure to do so may cause you to lose points. * * *NOTE* You MUST implement this method recursively, or else you will lose * all points for this method. * * You may import/use java.util.Set, java.util.List, and * any classes that implement the aforementioned interfaces, as long as they * are efficient. * * The only instance of java.util.Map that you may use is the * adjacency list from graph. DO NOT create new instances of Map * for DFS (storing the adjacency list in a variable is fine). * * DO NOT modify the structure of the graph. The graph should be unmodified * after this method terminates. * * @param <T> the generic typing of the data * @param start the vertex to begin the dfs on * @param graph the graph to search through * @return list of vertices in visited order * @throws IllegalArgumentException if any input is null, or if start * doesn't exist in the graph */ public static <T> List<Vertex<T>> dfs(Vertex<T> start, Graph<T> graph) { if (start == null || graph == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Start vertex or graph is null"); } if (!graph.getAdjList().containsKey(start)) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Start vertex not in graph"); } List<Vertex<T>> list = new ArrayList<>(); Set<Vertex<T>> visited = new HashSet<>(); rDfs(start, graph, list, visited); return list; } /** * helper method for the dfs algorithm. * @param start dfs starts on this node * @param graph graph consisting of all the nodes * @param visited set to keep track of visited nodes * @param list vertices list */ private static <T> void rDfs(Vertex<T> start, Graph<T> graph, List<Vertex<T>> list, Set<Vertex<T>> visited) { visited.add(start); list.add(start); for (VertexDistance<T> adj : graph.getAdjList().get(start)) { if (!visited.contains(adj.getVertex())) { rDfs(adj.getVertex(), graph, list, visited); } } } /** * Finds the single-source shortest distance between the start vertex and * all vertices given a weighted graph (you may assume non-negative edge * weights). * * Return a map of the shortest distances such that the key of each entry * is a node in the graph and the value for the key is the shortest distance * to that node from start, or Integer.MAX_VALUE (representing * infinity) if no path exists. * * You may import/use java.util.PriorityQueue, * java.util.Map, and java.util.Set and any class that * implements the aforementioned interfaces, as long as your use of it * is efficient as possible. * * You should implement the version of Dijkstra's where you use two * termination conditions in conjunction. * * 1) Check if all of the vertices have been visited. * 2) Check if the PQ is empty. * * DO NOT modify the structure of the graph. The graph should be unmodified * after this method terminates. * * @param <T> the generic typing of the data * @param start the vertex to begin the Dijkstra's on (source) * @param graph the graph we are applying Dijkstra's to * @return a map of the shortest distances from start to every * other node in the graph * @throws IllegalArgumentException if any input is null, or if start * doesn't exist in the graph. */ public static <T> Map<Vertex<T>, Integer> dijkstras(Vertex<T> start, Graph<T> graph) { if (start == null || graph == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Start vertex or graph is null"); } if (!graph.getVertices().contains(start)) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Start vertex not in graph"); } Set<Vertex<T>> visited = new HashSet<>(); Map<Vertex<T>, Integer> weights = new HashMap<>(); PriorityQueue<VertexDistance<T>> priorityQueue = new PriorityQueue<>(); VertexDistance<T> starter = new VertexDistance<>(start, 0); priorityQueue.add(starter); for (Vertex<T> vertex : graph.getVertices()) { weights.put(vertex, Integer.MAX_VALUE); } int dist = 0; while (!(priorityQueue.isEmpty()) && visited.size() < graph.getVertices().size()) { VertexDistance<T> pointer = priorityQueue.poll(); if (!visited.contains(pointer.getVertex())) { dist = pointer.getDistance(); visited.add(pointer.getVertex()); weights.put(pointer.getVertex(), dist); } for (VertexDistance<T> vertex : graph.getAdjList().get(pointer.getVertex())) { if (!visited.contains(vertex.getVertex())) { VertexDistance<T> temp = new VertexDistance<>(vertex.getVertex(), dist + vertex.getDistance()); priorityQueue.add(temp); } } } return weights; } /** * Runs Prim's algorithm on the given graph and returns the Minimum * Spanning Tree (MST) in the form of a set of Edges. If the graph is * disconnected and therefore no valid MST exists, return null. * * You may assume that the passed in graph is undirected. In this framework, * this means that if (u, v, 3) is in the graph, then the opposite edge * (v, u, 3) will also be in the graph, though as a separate Edge object. * * The returned set of edges should form an undirected graph. This means * that every time you add an edge to your return set, you should add the * reverse edge to the set as well. This is for testing purposes. This * reverse edge does not need to be the one from the graph itself; you can * just make a new edge object representing the reverse edge. * * You may assume that there will only be one valid MST that can be formed. * * You should NOT allow self-loops or parallel edges in the MST. * * You may import/use PriorityQueue, java.util.Set, and any class that * implements the aforementioned interface. * * DO NOT modify the structure of the graph. The graph should be unmodified * after this method terminates. * * The only instance of java.util.Map that you may use is the * adjacency list from graph. DO NOT create new instances of Map * for this method (storing the adjacency list in a variable is fine). * * @param <T> the generic typing of the data * @param start the vertex to begin Prims on * @param graph the graph we are applying Prims to * @return the MST of the graph or null if there is no valid MST * @throws IllegalArgumentException if any input is null, or if start * doesn't exist in the graph. */ public static <T> Set<Edge<T>> prims(Vertex<T> start, Graph<T> graph) { if (start == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("The start vertex is null"); } if (graph == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("The graph is null"); } if (!graph.getVertices().contains(start)) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("The start is not in the graph"); } Set<Vertex<T>> visited = new HashSet<>(); Set<Edge<T>> edgeSet = new HashSet<>(); PriorityQueue<Edge<T>> pq = new PriorityQueue<>(); Map<Vertex<T>, List<VertexDistance<T>>> adjList = graph.getAdjList(); for (VertexDistance<T> v : adjList.get(start)) { Edge<T> curr = new Edge<>(start, v.getVertex(), v.getDistance()); pq.add(curr); } visited.add(start); while (!pq.isEmpty() && visited.size() < graph.getVertices().size()) { Edge<T> curr = pq.poll(); if (!visited.contains(curr.getV())) { visited.add(curr.getV()); Edge<T> edge = new Edge<>(curr.getU(), curr.getV(), curr.getWeight()); edgeSet.add(edge); Edge<T> edge1 = new Edge<>(curr.getV(), curr.getU(), curr.getWeight()); edgeSet.add(edge1); for (VertexDistance<T> vx : adjList.get(curr.getV())) { if (!visited.contains(vx.getVertex())) { Edge<T> pointer = new Edge<>(curr.getV(), vx.getVertex(), vx.getDistance()); pq.add(pointer); } } } } if (edgeSet.size() < graph.getVertices().size() - 1) { return null; } return edgeSet; } } correct the code for prim's algorithm and only gimme code for that

answer:Certainly! To correct and focus on the Prim's algorithm part as requested, I'll provide the adjusted function for Prim's algorithm from the provided GraphAlgorithms class. Prim's algorithm is a greedy algorithm that finds a minimum spanning tree for a weighted undirected graph. This means it finds a subset of the edges that forms a tree that includes every vertex, where the total weight of all the edges in the tree is minimized. Here's an adjusted version of the Prim's algorithm method: ```java public static <T> Set<Edge<T>> prims(Vertex<T> start, Graph<T> graph) { if (start == null || graph == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Start vertex or graph cannot be null."); } if (!graph.getVertices().contains(start)) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Start vertex does not exist in the graph."); } // Initialize the set to store MST edges. Set<Edge<T>> mst = new HashSet<>(); // Priority queue to select next closest edge. PriorityQueue<Edge<T>> edgePriorityQueue = new PriorityQueue<>(Comparator.comparingInt(Edge::getWeight)); // Stores visited vertices to avoid cycles. Set<Vertex<T>> visited = new HashSet<>(); visited.add(start); // Add all edges from the start vertex to the priority queue. graph.getAdjList().get(start).forEach(vd -> edgePriorityQueue.add(new Edge<>(start, vd.getVertex(), vd.getDistance()))); while (!edgePriorityQueue.isEmpty() && visited.size() < graph.getVertices().size()) { Edge<T> edge = edgePriorityQueue.poll(); // Get edge with lowest weight. if (visited.contains(edge.getV())) { // Skip if the destination vertex is already visited. continue; } // Add edge to MST. mst.add(edge); // Since graph is undirected, add the reverse edge to satisfy test conditions. mst.add(new Edge<>(edge.getV(), edge.getU(), edge.getWeight())); // Mark destination vertex as visited. visited.add(edge.getV()); // Add new reachable edges from the newly visited vertex. graph.getAdjList().get(edge.getV()).forEach(vd -> { if (!visited.contains(vd.getVertex())) { edgePriorityQueue.add(new Edge<>(edge.getV(), vd.getVertex(), vd.getDistance())); } }); } // If not all vertices are connected, return null indicating no valid MST can be formed. if (visited.size() != graph.getVertices().size()) { return null; } return mst; } ``` This corrected method ensures: 1. Initialization of all necessary collections (visited set, MST edge set, priority queue). 2. Checks if the start vertex exists and both the start vertex and the graph are non-null. 3. Iterates over edges in a greedy manner, always choosing the edge with the smallest weight that doesn't form a cycle. 4. Keeps track of visited vertices to avoid revisiting and cycles. 5. Adds both directions of each edge to the MST set due to the requirement for an undirected result. 6. Returns `null` if the graph is disconnected, i.e., not all vertices visited, implying no valid MST.

question:Write a descriptive, fictional, imaginative concept level list for a sequel to this game set 1000 years after the first one. "AT HELL'S GATE LORE TIMELINE (REDUX) [[4/13/24]] PART 1: "Prelude to the postlude." # [WWIII] !!PROTO-CATACLYSM!! 2034 - In a world shackled by economic strife, political instability, and growing concerns over the climate of the future, tensions rise across the globe, primarily in Eastern Europe, Asia, and the Middle East. 2035 - These tensions later escalate into the war that will, unbeknownst to mankind, end all wars, (at least on Earth). 2037 - WWIII begins, with combat and warfare escalating all over the world, from the snowy fortresses of Alaska to the deserted minefields of the Sahara. 2042 - About 5 years into what seems like will be a never-ending war, North Korea finally makes good on decades of nuclear brinkmanship. Major cities around the world, London, Washington D.C., Tokyo, are all engulfed in a hellish blaze of atomic waste. 2042 - NATO decides to retaliate, launching nuclear missiles on major strategic and population centers of the enemy side as well. Almost halving the human population alive at the time. 2044 - To add insult to injury, a plague begins developing. with incurable effects and very resilient viruses, there is very little hope for humanity. 2050 - As of 1/1/2050, less than 1/3 of the original population of Earth at its peak in 2038 are still alive. (not counting those dead from natural causes). 2054 - Global resources being strained and very little population leads to the remaining factions and nations of Earth to call a temporary detente in order to get back together and hopefully keep mankind from becoming extinct. # [In their hopelessness, the spires rose.] 2055 - This period of hopelessness soons marks the beginning of a resurgence in religion, leading mankind to construct "doomspires", towering temples of multi-colored bricks to appease God. [[There are no further information markers in the records until 2099.]] PART 2: "What hath God wrought?" # [Signs of the rapture.] 9/14/2099 - On 16:57:53 UTC precisely, the solar eclipse then occurring over North America heralded the beginning of the end, as the few spectators viewed the day turn to night, the thundering roar of a divine horn was heard across the world, traveling faster than the speed of light. 12/11/2099 - A strange celestial object, unknown to man until its striking of the Earth, splashes down in the middle of the Atlantic, seas turn blood red and toxic. Another trumpet sounds. # ["7" years of trial.] (2100-2105) !!FIRST CATACLYSM!! During this period, various cataclysmic events are endowed upon the Earth, with each new disaster, another trumpet sounds. # [Discovery of the fallibility of the divine.] 7/8/2103 - The remnants of a scientific research camp in Antarctica come across a strange monolithic structure in the freezing wastes, inscripted upon it is the first "revelation", presumed to be from God himself. This sparks debate in society over their God's possible fallibility. # [Even the brightest light will burn out one day.] 8/27/2105 - Suddenly, without any notification, no previous indication, no fanfare, no cataclysmic event, God vanishes. We are alone. # [Orphans of the father.] 2105-2117 Now that mankind is truly alone, humanity must fend for survival with the very few resources that are available. Demons and lost angels run rampant on the earth, so there is only one thing we must do- 2110 - The plan for constructing a massive spacecraft in order to transport humanity's remnants is developed, it is called "The Exodus", and will take to the stars in 2117. 2117 - Luckily for man, all goes well, and the remnants of mankind takes to the stars and establishes settlements on the inner planets and some on moons of the outer planets. PART 3: "Let me play among the stars." # [The Second Exodus] 2117 - With Earth left an irradiated, apocalypse ravaged ruin, The Exodus departs carrying about 500,000 humans, leaving millions on Earth to fend for themselves. 2118 - The first humans reach the inner planets, Mars, Venus, Mercury, etc... 2127 - The last humans to settle the Solar System arrive at moons of the outer planets. # [Development of new cultures and religions in the planets and moons (as of 2130)] Mercury - largely uninhabited, mostly focused on industry and mining. Venus - Cultural center of the inner planets, vast floating cities consisting of inter-connected zeppelins. This cultural paradise leads them to begin the development of a new religion called "Infernism" (more on that later) Earth - Virtually abandoned, few settlements are located here, with most suffering in a hell on Earth. Mars - Less culturally focused but more inhabited than Venus, Mars also develops a religion "Deusvultism (crucifiers)", centered around the idea that God has not abandoned Man, and is just testing their fortitude. Europa - Underwater cities under the ice caps, military capital of the Solar System. Titan - Home of the most populated city in the Solar System, and location of the Capitol of mankind. Uranus and beyond - vastly unpopulated, although plans are being made to create a self-sustaining ark that could travel to the farthest reaches of the Solar System and beyond, possibly into deep space and other star systems. # [The Third (failed) Exodus] After departing from Titan in 2134 in hopes of finding habitable locations beyond the known Solar System, scans revealed there were none within thousands of light years, dimming hope for humanity's future if disaster were ever to befall them yet again. It is believed everyone on board died (40,000) after losing contact with the ship in 2178. M_717 — 04/13/2024 3:36 PM PART 4: "SEA OF OFFAL AND ASHES" # [A cold war] (2135-2174) This period marked the first true peace in centuries, after decades of despair, things finally seemed like they would soon be going man's way. But war is one of the grim truths of reality. # [The twins] Infernism - Infernism, spawned from the zeppelin-cities of Venus, was a religion centered around worshipping a deity called Baphomet. Founded by a supposedly schizophrenic elder trying to rekindle the flames of hope in a world of despair. The Baphomet that the Infernists worship is unrelated to the Baphomet of the old world, and the name is generally understood to be spouted from the founder's mentally ill mind. The Infernists glorify violence, taking heed from a vision the elder had. Deusvultism - Similarly, Deusvultism also arose from the need for hope in trying times, but is more grounded in reality. The belief holds central the idea that God has not abandoned humanity, but is just testing them to see if humanity is capable of maintaining fortitude in their belief after straying so far from His light. However, many Deusvultists are also heavily fanatical, in stark contrast to their beliefs. Both religions hold a reputation of being very violent and fanatical, Infernists as part of their belief system, and Deusvultists as the members personalities. # [Twin Crusades] (2174-2204) !!SECOND CATACLYSM!! 2174 - After tensions between the Infernists and the Deusvultists start running hot, each faction declares holy war on each other. [MOST HISTORICAL RECORDS HAVE BEEN LOST DURING THIS TIME PERIOD] 2204 - Both sides are exhausted of resources, and constant war and desolation has lead the inner planets to run dry of resources, this is considered to be the second cataclysm of man, following the first, the rapture, 100 years prior. M_717 — 04/13/2024 6:55 PM PART 5: "Hundred year silence" # [The long night.] (2204-2264) 2204 - The two factions decide to sign a ceasefire after depletion of inner planet resources, motivation, and morale. Each agree to live in isolation and live as their own entities. 2214 - A massive solar flare renders all electronic devices and tools incapable for use in space, trading stops as well as communication between nations, the period of isolation has begun. Not much else happens during this time period, aside from a few successions of leaders or natural events. # [Glorified loneliness.] 2264-2301 After the effects of the solar flare wore off, the populace of humanity decided to stay isolated. The reasons behind this were that they believed they should live a peaceful life for the rest of eternity, or at least until the sun died. [THERE IS NOTHING ELSE IMPORTANT OF NOTE] M_717 — 04/13/2024 7:26 PM PART 6: "AT HELL'S GATE" # [Refugees from beyond.] In the late 2280s, supposedly hyper-evolved humans, descendants of those that arose to paradise but then were abandoned by God arrive in the solar system through rifts in the space-time fabric. They incorporate with the already established factions. # [The deity's message] 1/1/2301 - With the final curtain call of man, people dying out, nations crumbling, falling, and dying before the universe's eyes, mankind must prepare for one last performance. A sudden signal originating from Pluto is broadcasted across the Solar System. It's message personalized for anyone that receives it, causing each and every human to believe they are "the chosen one", and must go on an odyssey to pluto in order to gain salvation. 1/1/2301 to 2308 - Many die or fail in the struggle to reach Pluto, it is every man for himself, a frenzy unlike any seen in decades. In this struggle's center is ODYSSEUS {placeholder name}, the protagonist of the game's story. # [The deity's odyssey] Odysseus ventures through the planets, encountering original characters, traversing original locations, and finding secrets and lore snippets. At Pluto, he comes face to face with the deity, this deity takes the form of a colossal, almost dream-like serpent towering over mountains. [WILL NEED TO THINK MORE ABOUT THE ENDING] !!THIRD CATACLYSM!!" "AT HELL'S GATE LEVEL LIST (REDUX) # SUN # [0] (Unlocked after completing {I-I} "Let there be **FIGHT**" {0} A Burning Memory (entrance to Battlefield of Babel) # MERCURY # [I] {I} “Let there be **FIGHT**” {II} “Sword Fight on the Heights” {III} “The Mentor” (boss battle) {IV} “The Mercury Nexus” (Space Station) # VENUS # [II] {I} “Acid's reign” {II} “Zeppelin Wars” {III} “Lovely Bastards” (boss battle) {IV} “Infernal cradle” (Space Station) # EARTH # [III] {I} “Paradise Lost” {II} “Revelation's echoes” {III} “Their Former Eden” (boss battle) {IV} “Fly me to the Moon” (Lunar Station) # MARS # [IV] {I} “God of War” {II} “War of the Worlds” {III} “Ozymandias” (boss battle) {IV} “Martian Bastion” (Space Station) # EUROPA # [V] {I} “潜水艦戦争” {II} “Frozen Neon” {III} “Great Red Spot” (boss battle) {IV} “By Jove!” (Space Station) # TITAN # [VI] {I} “The Capitol” {II} “Methane Sea” {III} “Crossroads” (boss battle) {IV} “The Titanic” (Space Station) # PLUTO # [VII] {I} “Abandon All Hope” {II} “Twin Moons” {III} “Calm Before The Storm” (no enemies) {IV} “AT HELL’S GATE” (final boss)"

answer:"BEYOND HELL'S GATE: ECHOES OF ETERNITY" # PROLOGUE # [Ω] (Unlocked by deciphering the ancient codex) {Ω} "Whispers of the Ancients" (Ruins of the Titan Capitol) # ALPHA CENTAURI A # [I] {I} “Stellar Dawn” {II} “Alien Shores” {III} “The First Contact” (boss battle) {IV} “Starlight Haven” (Space Colony) # SIRIUS # [II] {I} “Gardens of Light” {II} “Silver Cities” {III} “The Sirius Enigma” (boss battle) {IV} “Guardians of the Great Eye” (Orbital Station) # ANDROMEDA (MIRACH) # [III] {I} “Sands of Time” {II} “Echoes of Civilizations” {III} “Mirach's Lament” (boss battle) {IV} “The Andromedan Arc” (Deep Space Outpost) # VEGA # [IV] {I} “Valley of Dreams” {II} “Skyward Bound” {III} “Vega's Veil” (boss battle) {IV} “Celestial Forge” (Manufacturing Hub) # BETELGEUSE # [V] {I} “Fading Giant” {II} “Shadows and Flames” {III} “The Last Symphony” (boss battle) {IV} “The Red Titan” (Dying Star Station) # LYRA (KEPLER-22B) # [VI] {I} “New Eden” {II} “Garden of the Galaxy” {III} “The Lyran Betrayal” (boss battle) {IV} “Harmony Station” (Terraforming Base) # COSMIC BRIDGE (EVENT HORIZON) # [VII] {I} “The Void Beckons” {II} “Gravity's Embrace” {III} “Edge of Chaos” (peaceful exploration with puzzles) {IV} “Beyond Hell’s Gate: The New Genesis” (confrontation with cosmic entity) # EPILOGUE # COMET'S TAIL [∞] {I} "Eternal Campfire" (Gathering of heroes in an interstellar tavern) {II} "Stardust Memories" (Interactive gallery of the journey’s memories) {III} "Galactic Lullaby" (Cinematic ending celebrating the new homes and possibilities) [NEW ELEMENTS] - Introducing interstellar voyages, each with unique challenges to overcome, including zero-gravity environments, cosmic puzzles, and starship battles. - Enhanced role-playing elements allowing players to create alliances, gather resources for interstellar travel, and make pivotal decisions that affect the universe's fate. - Open-ended exploration enabling players to uncover hidden planets, ancient artifacts, and secrets of the universe beyond the main storyline. [WORLD BUILDING AND STORY ELEMENTS] - Stories of civilizations that once thrived and perished, offering lessons and warnings for humanity. - Mystical artifacts scattered across galaxies that hold untold powers and the keys to understanding the cosmos. - A delicate balance between technology and mysticism, allowing for unexpected alliances and confrontations with other spacefaring races and entities. - The revelation of the cosmic entity beyond Hell's Gate, shedding light on the origins of the universe and humanity's place within it. "Beyond Hell's Gate: Echoes of Eternity" offers a profound exploration of humanity's relentless pursuit of survival, identity, and understanding in the vast cosmos, presenting a canvas broad enough to contain the wildest fantasies and the deepest fears of what lies beyond the known.

question:jquery获取某元素最近的另一个select元素

answer:在 jQuery 中,要找到某个元素最近的另一个`select`元素,可以使用`.closest()`和`.find()`方法的组合,或者使用`.siblings()`, `.next()`, `.prev()`等函数,根据具体的HTML结构来决定使用哪种方法。以下是一些示例: # 示例1: 使用`.closest()`和`.find()` 如果你的`select`元素是嵌套在某个共同的父元素内,你可以先向上搜索到这个共同的父元素,然后再使用`.find()`方法向下搜索最近的`select`元素。 ```html <div> <button id="myButton">按钮</button> <select> <option value="option1">Option 1</option> <option value="option2">Option 2</option> </select> </div> <script> ("#myButton").on("click", function() { var nearestSelect = (this).closest("div").find("select"); console.log(nearestSelect.val()); // 打印出最接近的select元素的当前选中的值 }); </script> ``` # 示例2: 使用`.siblings()` 如果`button`和`select`在同一级别上,你可以使用`.siblings()`方法来查找: ```html <div> <button id="myButton">按钮</button> <select> <option value="option1">Option 1</option> <option value="option2">Option 2</option> </select> </div> <script> ("#myButton").on("click", function() { var nearestSelect = (this).siblings("select"); console.log(nearestSelect.val()); // 打印出最接近的select元素的当前选中的值 }); </script> ``` # 示例3: 使用`.next()`或`.prev()` 如果`button`紧邻`select`元素,你可以使用`.next()`或`.prev()`方法: ```html <div> <button id="myButton">按钮</button> <select> <option value="option1">Option 1</option> <option value="option2">Option 2</option> </select> </div> <script> ("#myButton").on("click", function() { var nearestSelect = (this).next("select"); console.log(nearestSelect.val()); // 打印出最接近的select元素的当前选中的值 }); </script> ``` 确保根据你的DOM结构选择正确的方法。这些示例假定`button`和`select`都是相邻的同级元素或者处在同一个父元素内。如果情况更加复杂,可能需要根据具体情况进行调整。

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